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The Covid Pandemic in Canada: Seen Five Years Later…for…The 2nd Edition of Metropolis Social Determinants of Health

On December 12, 2019 a cluster of patients in China’s Hubei Province, in the city of Wuhan, begin to experience the symptoms of an atypical pneumonia-like illness that does not respond well to standard treatments. December 31, 2019. The World Health Organization (WHO) in China is informed of several cases of a pneumonia of unknown cause with symptoms including shortness of breath and fever occurring in Wuhan, China. The virus soon spread across the world, and by March 2020, the WHO designated it a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). Many governments, Canada included imposed restrictions aimed as stopping its spread (i.e. lockdowns, mask wearing, large gathering limits and quarantines for those infected. After three years, the official WHO death toll from the virus neared seven million people (though believe the actual number is much higher). The economic consequences were seen as the worst since the Great Depression, with global supply-chain and labor-force disruptions. Yet it is saw the quickest production of vaccines.

Covereaction? The Divide over lessons from the Pandemic

A Qualitative Analysis of COVID-19’s Impact on Indigenous and Migrant Communities in the United States Southwest

Trust and vaccinations by social indicators - Canada and the United States

CIHR wave 4 key survey findings

Trust and vaccination by ethnicity - Canada and the United States

Economic, Social and Health Impacts of the Pandemic on Vulnerable Groups in the United-States, Canada and Mexico

Despite numerous declarations that the coronavirus pandemic is finally “over”, illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths continue. In early June of 2023, the USA was reporting 103,436,829 cases of COVID-19, with 1,131,439 deaths in the United States¹ (WHO, 2023). In Canada, the government reported a total case count of 4,684,456 and 52,751 deaths as of June 2023 (Government of Canada, 2023). In Mexico, the number of lab-confirmed cases of COVID-19 is 7,621,062 (WHO, 2023b), though we believe this is a significant undercount (see Latapi and Cruz, 2023).

Updates: Survey 4 - University of Manitoba

What is Canada's most urgent health problem

Impacts of COVID-19 – Comparison between Indigenous and non-indigenous population in Mexico

COVID-19 Mexico Qualitative Analysis by Carlos Ibarra

ACS18022022EN - How and Where Public Opinion Shifted on Mandates and Restrictions

Socio-economic Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Immigrants in Canada

COVID-19 Pediatric Vaccines Townhall

Creating profiles for the Unvaccinated

ACS20220131 - Were recent cases of COVID-19 significantly underestimated?

Over the month of December, the highly infectious Omicron variant overwhelmed much of the testing capacity across the country making it difficult to get an accurate idea of just how many people got the contagion. McMaster Professor Dominik Mertz, an infectious diseases physician observed that “we aren't able to test the majority of people anymore who are symptomatic.” In effect the question about the numbers of Omicron cases in Canada is not whether there was an underestimate but rather by how much. To get a better approximation of that number Canadians were asked whether they got Covid 19 over the past 60 days (prior to the survey which was conducted January 7-9, 2022). It revealed that the number that believed that they were positive (but not confirmed with a test) was nearly the same as the number that said they were confirmed with a positive test thus implying that the numbers of reported cases over that sixty day period might be as much as double what was reported. That said about 80% who ended up getting a test did not have Covid. Nonetheless the country was left with a great deal more that may have contracted the virus than the testing revealed and likely more so than at any previous point in the evolution of the contagion. The survey reveals that some three quarters of the untested that believe they had Covid are of the opinion that in the case of Omicron its effects on one’s health are less severe than were previous strains of Covid, a view shared by two thirds of Canadians that tested positive.

Factsheet Vietnamese 17 — Is it okay to receive different COVID-19 vaccines

Factsheet Vietnamese 16 — Vaccination for under 5s

Factsheet Vietnamese 15 — If I already caught COVID-19, am I immune

Factsheet Vietnamese 14 — Is COVID-19 over

Factsheet Vietnamese 13 — What is a side effect

Factsheet Vietnamese 12 — Why does science change

Factsheet Vietnamese 11 — What counts as “fully vaccinated” now

Factsheet Vietnamese 10 — Why are the rules in Canada different than back home?